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AI for Real-time Fusion Plasma Behavior Prediction and Manipulation - Plasma Control Group

Nov 07, 2024 - control.princeton.edu
The article discusses the use of machine learning in understanding and controlling complex systems in plasma physics. The authors introduce a multimodal approach that generates super-resolution data to capture detailed structural evolution and responses to perturbations in plasma, which were previously unobservable. This methodology addresses the Edge Localized Mode (ELM), a plasma instability that can damage reactor walls, and can help develop effective ELM suppression strategies for future fusion reactors. The authors also discuss the use of machine learning for real-time fusion plasma behavior monitoring, diagnostic reduction and upsampling, and stable divertor radiation detachment.

In addition, the article explores the use of machine learning for real-time profile control in tokamaks, a type of fusion device. The authors are developing a model that can generate predictions in under 100 microseconds using only real-time diagnostics, which could make the process of finding a successful actuator path more efficient. They also discuss a multi-institutional research project focused on machine learning for real-time fusion plasma behavior monitoring using high-resolution diagnostics. The authors are developing several machine learning models to classify different modes in a dataset of approximately 1000 discharges.

Key takeaways:

  • The researchers have developed a groundbreaking machine learning methodology, Diag2Diag, that generates super-resolution data to understand complex systems governed by multi-spatial and multi-temporal physics scales. This methodology is particularly useful in studying the Edge Localized Mode (ELM), a plasma instability in fusion plasmas.
  • They are also working on a machine-learning model for 'model-predictive control' in tokamaks, which can predict the evolution of plasma state based on various actuator settings, making the process of finding a successful actuator path more efficient.
  • The Plasma Control Group is leading a research project to use machine learning for real-time fusion plasma behavior monitoring using high resolution diagnostics. They have developed ML models that can detect and classify instabilities in the core of plasma.
  • Machine learning-based approaches are being used to create synthetic diagnostics in fusion research devices and reactors, which can help circumvent limitations in diagnostic availability and scope in future fusion reactors.
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