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AI language models can exceed PNG and FLAC in lossless compression, says study

Sep 28, 2023 - arstechnica.com
DeepMind's large language model, Chinchilla 70B, has demonstrated the ability to perform lossless compression on image and audio data, outperforming traditional algorithms like PNG and FLAC, according to a research paper titled "Language Modeling Is Compression". The model was able to compress image patches from the ImageNet database to 43.4% of their original size and audio samples from the LibriSpeech dataset to 16.4% of their raw size. This suggests that machine learning models could be used for data compression, not just text prediction and writing.

The paper also explores the idea that effective data compression could be a form of general intelligence, as both involve identifying patterns and making sense of complexity. The researchers argue that a good compression algorithm could be used to generate new data based on what it has learned during the compression process. While this theory is still a matter of debate, the paper provides an interesting perspective on potential new applications for large language models.

Key takeaways:

  • DeepMind's large language model, Chinchilla 70B, has been found to perform effective lossless compression on image and audio data, often outperforming algorithms specifically designed for those tasks.
  • Some computer scientists propose that the ability to compress data effectively is akin to a form of general intelligence, as it involves identifying patterns and making sense of complexity.
  • The Hutter Prize, which rewards effective compression of a fixed set of English text, is seen as a demonstration of this idea, suggesting that a machine capable of such compression may exhibit a form of general intelligence.
  • DeepMind researchers suggest that a good compression algorithm can be used to generate new, original data based on what it has learned during the compression process, further linking the concepts of compression and intelligence.
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