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Karpathy is Back with llm.c: A Pure C Implementation of GPT-2 in <1000 Lines

Apr 10, 2024 - promptzone.com
Andrej Karpathy, former OpenAI founding team member and ex-Director of AI at Tesla, has launched his second educational project, "llm.c," a pure C implementation of the GPT-2 model. The project, which focuses on Language Models (LLMs), is designed to be trained on a CPU using only C/CUDA, without the need for PyTorch. The codebase is compact, consisting of around 1,000 lines of code in a single file, allowing for the training of the GPT-2 model on a CPU with 32-bit precision.

The "llm.c" project is praised for its accessibility, providing a concise and self-contained implementation that makes it easier for developers and researchers to understand language model training. However, the current CPU/fp32 implementation is relatively inefficient, making training from scratch on a CPU impractical. Future improvements include a direct CUDA implementation for faster training and exploring more modern architectures. The project has the potential to further democratize AI and foster a more inclusive and collaborative environment for innovation.

Key takeaways:

  • Andrej Karpathy has released a project called 'llm.c', a pure C implementation of the GPT-2 model with 124 million parameters, designed to be trained on a CPU using only C/CUDA, without relying on PyTorch.
  • The 'llm.c' codebase consists of around 1,000 lines of code in a single file, allowing for the training of the GPT-2 model on a CPU with 32-bit precision.
  • One of the key benefits of the 'llm.c' project is its accessibility, making it easier for developers and researchers to explore and understand the intricacies of language model training.
  • Karpathy is actively working on improvements to the project, including direct CUDA implementation for faster training, utilizing SIMD instructions for CPU speedup, and exploring more modern architectures like Llama2 and Gemma.
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