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NHS to begin world-first trial of AI tool to identify type 2 diabetes risk

Dec 29, 2024 - theguardian.com
The NHS in England is set to trial a groundbreaking AI tool, Aire-DM, that predicts the risk of type 2 diabetes up to 13 years before its onset by analyzing ECG readings. Developed by a team at Imperial College using 1.2 million ECGs and validated with data from the UK Biobank, the tool identifies subtle changes in heart electrical signals that indicate early diabetes effects. This non-invasive method could enable early interventions, potentially preventing the condition through lifestyle changes. The trial will begin in 2025 at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust and Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.

The AI tool has shown a 70% accuracy rate in predicting diabetes risk across diverse demographics, with improved accuracy when combined with genetic and clinical data. The British Heart Foundation, which supported the tool's development, highlights its potential to transform diabetes care by offering early, targeted preventive measures. The technology could be rolled out across England and internationally, providing a new approach to managing the growing global health challenge of type 2 diabetes.

Key takeaways:

  • The NHS in England is trialing an AI tool, Aire-DM, to predict type 2 diabetes risk up to 13 years in advance using ECG data.
  • Aire-DM analyzes subtle ECG changes to identify early signs of diabetes risk, potentially enabling preventive interventions.
  • The tool was developed using 1.2 million ECGs and validated with data from the UK Biobank, showing 70% accuracy in diverse populations.
  • Combining AI predictions with genetic and clinical data improves accuracy, offering a new approach to diabetes prevention and care.
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